K93600, K93601, K93603, ASTM B753, ASTM F1684, SEW 385, 1.3912, NF A54-301, FeNi36, 4J36
Note that the designation Invar is a registered trademark of Aperam Alloys Imphy.
Alloy 36 (NILO 36, INVAR 36) is a Nickel-Iron, low expansion alloy which contains 36% Nickel. Invar 36 has a low coefficient of expansion from cryogenic temperatures to about +500°F (260°C). Invar 36 also retains good strength and toughness at cryogenic temperatures. Common applications include tooling for aerospace composites, standards of length, measuring devices, thermostat rods, laser components and tanks and piping for the storage and transportation of liquefied gases.
Super alloy 36 is used in thermostats, radios and laser systems.
|
Chemical Composition Limits |
||||||||||
|
Weight % |
Ni |
Fe |
C |
Mn |
P |
S |
Si |
Cr |
Mo |
Co |
|
Invar 36 |
35-38 |
Rem |
0.10 max |
0.06 max |
0.025 max |
0.025 max |
0.35 max |
0.50 max |
0.50 max |
1.0 max |
Alloy 36 density, melting point, inflection point, thermal conductivity, and coefficient of expansion is indicated in the table below:
|
Density |
Melting Point |
Inflection Point |
Thermal Conductivity |
Coefficient of Expansion |
|
8.11 g/cm³ |
1430 °C |
220 °C |
10.0 W/m• °C |
1.5 µm/m °C (20 – 100 °C) |
|
0.293 lb/in³ |
2610 °F |
430 °F |
69.3 btu•in/ft2•h °F |
0.83 x 10-6 in/in °F (70 – 212 °F) |
The typical mechanical properties of alloy 36:
|
Annealed |
|
|
|
Approx. tensile strength |
<600 N/mm² |
<87 ksi |
|
Approx. operating temperature |
up to +500 °C |
up to +930 °F |
|
Hard Drawn |
|
|
|
Approx. tensile strength |
700 – 900 N/mm² |
102 – 131 ksi |
|
Approx. operating temperature |
up to +500 °C |
up to +930 °F |
Refer to NACE (National Associate of Corrosion Engineers) for recommendations.
The Invar alloys are usually supplied and used in the annealed condition (residual cold work distorts the coefficients of thermal expansion). Annealing times may vary due to section thickness.
The typical heat treatment of Invar 42:
|
Type |
Temperature |
Time |
Cooling |
|
Anneal |
850 – 1000 °C (1560 – 1830 °F) |
0.5 Hr |
Air or water |
Super alloy 36 cannot be hardened by thermal treatment.
Common forming methods can be used to readily form super alloy 36. To obtain maximum properties, the material has to be fully annealed after the forming process.
Commonly used machining methods are suitable for super alloy 36. Good machining results can be obtained when this alloy is machined at slow speeds along with constant and positive feeds. Chips with gummy characteristics are produced by this alloy.
Standard joining methods can be used for super alloy 36. Usage of a similar composition alloy is recommended when a filler metal is required for the welding process.
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