Nitronic 60, UNS S21800, Alloy 218
Note that the designation “ Nitronic®” is registered trademarks of AK Steel Corporation.
Nitronic 60 is an anti-galling and wear resistant austenitic stainless steel with superio uniform corrosion resistance to 304 in most media, and superior chloride pitting resistance to 316. The room temperature yield strength of Nitronic 60 is also nearly twice that of types 304 and 316. In addition, the material is also possesses excellent high temperature oxidation resistance and low temperature impact resistance.
| Material | Cr | P | S | Ni | Si | C | Mn | N |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nitronic 60 | 16.0-18.0 | 0.04 max | 0.01 max | 8.00-9.00 | 3.50-4.50x | 0.01 max | 7.00-9.00 | 0.08-0.18 |
| Material | Tensile strength | Yield strength 0,2 | Elongation | Hardness HB30 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nitronic 60 | 690 N/mm² | 379 N/mm² | 35% | 293HB |
The uniform corrosion resistance of Nitronic 60material falls between grades 304 and 316. Although the general corrosion resistance of Nitronic 60 stainless steel is not quite as good as type 316, it does offer better chloride pitting resistance, stress corrosion cracking resistance and crevice corrosion resistance than type 316. It is important to note that in a wear system, galling or seizure occurs first, then dimensional loss by wear, and finally corrosion, galling and wear are the first concerns in design.
Nitronic 60 Stainless Steel is not hardenable by heat treatment. Annealing at 1066 °C (1950 °F) followed by water quenching is recommended.
When it comes to heating and pickling Nitronic 60, the general guidelines for stainless steel can be followed.
Heating: Nitronic 60 is preheated before welding in the temperatures range from 200 - 400°C (392 - 752°F) to minimize the risk of thermal cracking.
Pickling: Nitronic 60 can use a mixture of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid as the pickling solution, immersing the material in the pickling solution for a specific duration, to remove oxide scales, heat-tint, and other surface contaminants that may form during heating or welding processes.
Nitronic 60 is known for its excellent hot and cold forming characteristics and can be easily formed by a variety of processes.
Hot Forming: Typically, Nitronic 60 is heated slowly and uniformly to the temperature range from 1170 to 1200°C (2147 to 2192°F) to minimize the risk of thermal stresses and distortion. Then, hot formed the material by processes such as forging, hot rolling, and hot extrusion. In most applications, Nitronic 60 stainless steel does not require post-forming heat treatment, but in certain cases where stress relief is needed, a solution annealing treatment may be performed after hot forming.
Cold Forming: Nitronic 60 also can easily cold formed by bending, drawing, and deep drawing. It has a high ductility, allowing for significant deformation without a substantial loss of material properties. But excessive cold working, especially in heavily cold-reduced sections, can lead to increased hardness and reduced ductility.
Nitronic 60 is difficult to machine due to its desirable metallurgical properties of wear and galling resistance, rated at 50% of 304 and 23% of the free cutting carbon steel AISI B1112. Sharp, rigid, carbide tipped tools and well powered machines are recommended, with the use of heavy cuts and slow speeds.
Nitronic 60 is readily welded using conventional joining processes and is not preheat or post weld heat treatments are necessary, other than the normal stress relief used in heavy fabrication. In most applications, the material will be used in welded condition unless corrosion resistance is a consideration. Autogenous GTAW welds are sound, with wear characteristics approximating to the base metal, heavy weld deposits using this process are sound and exhibit higher strength then the unwelded base metal. When fillers is required, Nitronic 60 material filler is considered and anneal is necessary for a good high strength weld and best corrosion results.
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