UNS N06600, Alloy 600, W.Nr. 2.4816, Inconel® 600
Note that the designation “ Inconel®” is registered trademarks of the Special Metals Corporation group of companies.
UNS N0660 is a nonmagnetic, nickel-chromium alloy. The high nickel content gives the alloy resistance to corrosion by many organic and inorganic compounds and also makes it virtually immune to chloride-ion stress-corrosion cracking. Chromium confers resistance to sulfur compounds and also provides resistance to oxidizing conditions at high temperatures or in corrosive solutions. The alloy also has excellent mechanical properties, high strength and good workability. But the alloy is not precipitation hardenable; it is hardened and strengthened only by cold work. The versatility of Inconel 600 has led to its use in a variety of applications involving temperatures from cryogenic to above 2000°F (1095°C).
| Material | Ni | Cr | Fe | C | Mn | S | Si | Cu |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N06600 | 72.0 min | 14.0-17.0 | 6.00-10.00 | 0.15 max | 1.00 max | 0.015 max | 0.50 max | 0.50 max |
| Material | Tensile strength | Yield strength 0,2 | Elongation | Hardness HB30 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N06600 | 550-725 N/mm² | 170-345 N/mm² | 35-55% | 65-85HB |
Inconel 601 contains at least 58% nickel, 21% chromium, and 1% aluminum, the combination of the three gives the alloy superior resistance to high temperature corrosion mechanisms. Of particular significance is its resistance to oxidation at temperatures up to 2200°F (1200°C). By virtue of its contents of chromium and aluminum, Alloy 601 offers unique resistance to oxide spalling under cyclic thermal conditions.
The behavior of the alloy during heating is governed by a number of interacting variables: amount of cold work, grain size, chemical composition, and dimensions of the material. Consequently, times and temperatures for heat treatment are usually experimentally determined.
In general, grain growth in Alloy 600 does not occur until the alloy is heated to about 1800°F (980°C). At that temperature, the finely dispersed carbide particles in the alloy’s microstructure, which inhibit grain growth, begin to coalesce. Solution of the carbides begins at about 1900°F (1040°C). Treatment for 1 to 2 hr at 2000° to 2100°F (1090° to 1150°C) dissolves the carbides completely and results in increased grain size. This solution treatment is beneficial in obtaining maximum creep and rupture strength.
Same as all nickel-base alloys, Alloy 600 must be clean before it is heated and must be heated in a sulfur-free atmosphere. Furnace atmosphere for forging or open annealing should be slightly reducing to prevent excessive oxidation. If a bright surface is required, the alloy can be bright-heated only in very dry hydrogen or in a vacuum and usually must be pickled.
The cooling rate after heating has minimal impact on the mechanical properties of Alloy 600. However, the alloy is subject to carbide precipitation in the 1000° to 1400°F (540 to 760°C) temperature range and should be rapidly cooled through that range if the material is to be pickled or used in an environment requiring freedom from sensitization.
The recommended temperature range of normal hot-working is 1600° to 2250°F (870° to 1230°C), heavy hot-working is 1900° to 2250°F (1040° to 1230°C), light hot-working is down to 1600°F (870°C). It is important to note that Inconel 600 has low ductility at temperatures between 1200° and 1600°F (650° and 870°C) and should not be worked in that range. High tensile properties can be developed in the material by careful working at temperatures below 1200°F (650°C).
Inconel 600 can be cold-formed using standard processes employed for steel and stainless steel. The rate of work hardening is higher than that of mild steel but lower than the rate observed in Type 304 stainless steel.
Inconel 600 is slightly more machinable than Type 304 stainless steel and slightly less machinable than Type 303 free-machining stainless steel. The alloy is best handled on heavy-duty equipment using cutting tools large and heavy enough to withstand the loads and to quickly dissipate the heat generated. Tools must be sharp and have the proper geometry.
Inconel 600 can be easily welded using conventional welding methods. The recommended welding materials for joining alloy 600 are Inconel welding electrode 182 for shielded metal-arc welding, Inconel filler metal 82 for gas tungsten-arc and gas metal-arc welding, and a combination of Inconel filler metal 82 and Incoflux 4 submerged arc flux for the submerged-arc process.
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